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J. A. WILLIAMS. AXLE FOR VEHICLE No. 75,099. j Patented Ma}; 3. 1868.

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Letters Patent No. 75,099, dated March 3, 1868.

IMPROVEMENT IN AXLES FOR VEHICLES.

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TO ALL WHOM IT MAY CONCERN:

Be it known that I, J. A. WILLIAMS, of Elizabeth, in the county of JoDaviess,-and State of Illinois, have invented a new and usefulImprovement in Axles for Vehiclesr and I do hereby declare that thefollowing is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, which willenable others skilled in the art to make and use the same, referencebeing had. to the accompanying drawings, forming part of thisspecification. I

Figure 1 is a perspective elevation of my improved axle, with removedsections of parts of the same.

' Figure 2 is a cross-section of the same, through the line a m".

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts.

This invention relates to improvements in axles, and consists in theseveral devices perfecting the same, as will be hereinafter more'fullyexplained.

A is the axle-tree, E the spindle fitting thereon, and having the usualnut and washer, D, and shoulderflange C. The spindle is formed with anextension, T, having serratures which catch into correspondingserratures, m, on a ratchet-rack, R, set into the under side of theaxle-tree, as shown in fig. 1. This rack is held firmly by through-boltsII H and nuts N N. This device serves to hold the spindle E on theaxle-tree, for the bolt H passes through a slot in the projection T,asshowinland its nut N clarpps the scrratures of the two parts closely,as shown. The rack R has its serratures arranged to hold in oppositedirections, as shown in fig. Tl, whereby it can be reversed when onesetof serratures become worn.

'T'he axle bearings as heretofore made require that the wheel be removedto"lubricate the bearing-surfaces. This disadvantage is obviated bymy'improved oil-cup, it, as shown in section in figul. It consists of ahollow tube, furnished with an upright part, which has a hollow threadcut in it down to the bore of the tube, and the whole screwed into theshoulder-flange G, just at its juncture with the thimble-skein B, whichlatter is chanv nelled out at d, as shown, to facilitate the ingress ofthe oil, and its introduction up'on and around the bearingsurfaees. Ascrew S, closes the cup, the oil in the latter being forced out upon thethimhle-skein when the said screw is turned. By this device the wheelcan be lubricated without its removal from the axle.- Thohearing-thimbles B are of brass or composition, and sustain the frictionof the box of the hub.

I I arn aware that a patent has been granted for these brass thimbles,cast on to the spindle, for the purpose of sustaining the friction, andtherefore do not claim them, but only an improvement on the same, whichwill now'he described.

The thimblesB, encircling the spindle E, .as-shown atfig. 2, are heldfirmly attached in their place by .dove-tailed tenons, which'a're formedwhen the thimble is cast in slots, made on the spindle E for thatpurpose. These slots are made longitudinally in the upper or lateralsurfaces only of the spindle, thus leaving the under surface ofthe'sameunbroken, and therefore of undi'minished strength. I

In the patent before alluded to, wh'ich'was granted for the thimblescast on to the spindle, they were -'held on by means of circular groovesrunning around the latter, which greatly weakened the same andoccasioned its early breaking. This is always found to he the placewhere the spindle gives way. This defect in this invention has renderedit almost worthless. My improvement in attaching the thimhles obviatesthis disadvantage, and permits the thimble to be secured to the spindlewithout deteriorating 'the durable quality of the latter. Theseimprovements are all of sihall cost, and relatively conducive to theperfect and durable operotio'n of an "axle-tree for vehicles.

I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent- 1. The serratedextension T of the spindle E-ot'an axle, in combination with a serratedrack, R,-fo,r holding the said spindle firmly in its place,substantially as and for-tho purpose shown and described.

2. The longitudiiial slots,- substantially ,as described and for thepurpose specified.

The reversible character of the rack R, substantially as described andfor the purpose specified.

J. A. WILLIAMS.

Witnesses:

i J. P.. TARPLY, H. BARRETT. I

